Areas within open science

The national guidelines focus on areas that are prioritised in the Swedish transition to open science. In contrast, UNESCO’s Recommendation on Open Science offers a broad overview that seeks to encompass full range of various open research practices, and provides the foundation for the descriptions here. The Recommendation organises 14 areas under four categories: open scientific knowledge, open science infrastructures, open engagement of societal actors, and open dialogue with other knowledge systems. The first two areas have received most attention, in particular from policymakers, but together, these areas bring together movements and practices to make scientific knowledge openly available, accessible, and reusable; strengthen collaboration and information sharing; and open the creation, evaluation, and communication of knowledge to actors beyond the traditional scientific community.